Abstract:  

　　Streamflow change is commonly affected by climate change and various human activities. To understand the respective role of human activities and climate change in affecting hydrological processes and hydrological cycle, a large number of isolating researches were conducted in different areas. However, the scattered case studies may only provide a fragmented understanding on the contribution of climate change and human activities. To obtain a synthesized analysis with respect to the isolating studies, understanding how the hydrological contribution of climate change (dQ_CC) and human activities (dQ_HIC) varied at global scale, we have collected totally 88 studies from around the worldwide, and both simple correlation analysis and statistical meta analysis were performed. The results show that, over the past six decades, climate change, on average, induced streamflow increased with the mean dQ_CC of 4.9 mm.a^-1, whilst human activities caused streamflow decreased, with the mean dQ_HIC of -15.6 mm.a^-1. The examined dQ_CC showed a dependence on both catchment size and climate zone. Moreover, a significant linear relationship could be found between the dQ_CC and dP (the changes in mean annual precipitation) (the ratio being 0.59). According to the dependence of the dQ_CC on the mean annual P (precipitation), it was found that, 63.4% of the continental areas have the absolute dQ_CC ranged from 10 mm.a^-1 to 60 mm.a-1. We suggest that more studies of various catchment size should be encouraged to investigate both high rainfall area and semi-arid (and arid) area. Additionally, it was very important to further isolate the individual hydrological impacts of human activities in the future work.